Life The Life of Aesop (Βίος Αἰσώπου), also known as the Aesop Romance, is an anonymous fictional biography composed in Greek prose (Koine dialect) during the 1st or 2nd century CE [1][2]. It blends folk-tale, satire, and novelistic elements to present Aesop as an ugly, initially mute slave who gains speech from the goddess Isis. His story recounts his clever outwitting of masters and philosophers, culminating in his unjust execution at Delphi, within an anachronistic setting reflecting the Roman Imperial era [1][2].

Works The work is a single, unified narrative. The principal surviving versions are the longer "G" recension and a shorter "W" version [1][2]. Some analyses divide the narrative into five major episodic blocks, such as his servitude under the philosopher Xanthus and his journey to Delphi [1].

Significance The Life of Aesop is a crucial precursor to the Greek novel and a key text for understanding ancient popular culture and prose fiction [1][2]. Its portrayal of a subversive, cunning slave-hero provides a valuable window into social critique in the Roman Empire. The work was widely influential, translated into multiple languages, and its motifs impacted later literature like the Life of Secundus [1].

Sources 1. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (The Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University): https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aesop-life/ 2. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Classics (Oxford University Press): https://oxfordre.com/classics/classics/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.001.0001/acrefore-9780199381135-e-8087