Archippus was an Athenian comic poet active in the late 5th century BCE, during the period known as Old Comedy. He was a contemporary and rival of the more famous playwright Aristophanes. According to an ancient Byzantine source, he was the son of a man named Aristophanes, though this was not the famous dramatist. Archippus won first prize in the comic competition at the City Dionysia at least once, in 415 BCE, placing his career during the Peloponnesian War.

His works survive only in fragments. Three comedies are most securely attributed to him: Fishes, which featured a fantastical chorus of fish; Amphitryon; and Heracles' Marriage. The latter two were mythological parodies. An ancient encyclopedia claims he wrote six plays, but modern scholars consider this number uncertain and base their understanding on the three core titles.

Archippus is significant as one of the lesser-known poets of Old Comedy, illustrating the genre's diversity beyond the complete plays of Aristophanes. His work, especially the imaginative Fishes, shows the range of subjects and absurd humor employed by comic playwrights of his time. According to modern scholars, his career helps trace the evolution of Athenian comedy from its peak of political satire toward later styles.