Asterius of Amasea was a Christian bishop in the late Roman Empire, active around the year 400 CE. He led the church in Amasea, located in the region of Pontus in Asia Minor (modern Turkey). His life and work followed a major period of theological debate within the early Church, as Christian institutions were becoming more established.

He is known not for formal treatises, but for his homilies, or sermons. Approximately fifteen to twenty of these sermons survive. They cover a range of subjects, including explanations of Gospel parables, praise for martyrs, moral teachings against greed, and sermons for important seasons like Easter and Lent. These works were preserved in Greek manuscripts.

According to modern scholars, Asterius is significant as an example of a educated provincial bishop. His homilies show how classical Greek rhetorical training was applied to Christian preaching. They provide a valuable window into the daily concerns of a church leader and his congregation in the early 5th century, offering insights into moral instruction, biblical interpretation, and social life in Asia Minor. Academics note that his rhetorical style reflects the influence of both earlier pagan orators and leading Christian theologians of his era.