Chaeremon was an Athenian tragic poet active in the first half of the 4th century BCE. He is distinguished as "Chaeremon the Tragic" from other historical figures with the same name. Very little is known about his personal life, but he was a contemporary of the orator Isocrates, who confirms that Chaeremon's plays were performed at the major Athenian dramatic festival, the City Dionysia.

His body of work is almost entirely lost, surviving only in fragments and titles mentioned by later ancient authors. According to a Byzantine encyclopedia, his plays included titles like Achilles Slayer of Thersites, Alphesiboea, and Odysseus. His most famous work was The Centaur, which was notable for being a dramatic poem intended for reading rather than traditional stage performance. It blended elements of different genres, moving away from classical tragic form.

Chaeremon is historically significant as an example of how Athenian tragedy evolved in the 4th century BCE. His style, particularly in The Centaur, represents a shift toward a more literary and descriptive form of drama. According to modern scholars, his writing was known for its precise and vivid visual imagery, which the philosopher Aristotle compared to the work of a painter. While popular in his own time, later ancient critics sometimes viewed his refined, descriptive style as overly delicate. His surviving fragments provide valuable insight into the experimental nature of drama after the 5th-century classical period.