"Comic Fragments Anonymous II" is not a single ancient author but a modern label for a collection of unattributed excerpts from Greek comedies. These fragments date from the 5th to the 3rd centuries BCE, a period spanning the evolution of comedy from the political satire of Old Comedy to the more domestic focus of New Comedy. The original playwrights are entirely unknown.

The collection consists of nine separate fragmentary texts. These short passages survived not from complete plays, but because they were quoted by later ancient scholars, lexicographers, and writers who referenced them for their unusual words, witty lines, or interesting cultural details. According to modern scholars, the mixed dialects found in the fragments reflect the varied and often colloquial language used in comic performances.

The historical importance of such anonymous collections is significant. While only a few comic authors like Aristophanes and Menander survive in full, these fragments provide crucial evidence for the vast lost world of Greek comedy. They help academics trace changes in humor, style, and subject matter across centuries. Studying them offers a broader understanding of the genre beyond its most famous figures and preserves valuable glimpses into ancient language, daily life, and theatrical culture.