Ephrem of Cherson is the name given to a Christian author traditionally placed in the 3rd or 4th century CE and associated with the ancient city of Chersonesus in Crimea. Beyond this basic attribution, no reliable biographical details about his life are known. The name itself has caused significant historical confusion because it is shared with the famous Syriac theologian Ephrem the Syrian.

The sole work connected to him is a Greek apocalyptic treatise titled On the Second Coming of Christ and the End of the World. However, modern scholarship widely disputes this attribution. According to academic analysis, this text was not written by a 3rd–4th century author from Cherson. It is considered the work of a later, anonymous writer often called Pseudo-Ephrem, who likely composed it in the 6th or 7th century. Consequently, many scholars suggest that "Ephrem of Cherson" may not be a distinct historical figure but rather a phantom author created by later manuscript traditions trying to distinguish this text from the works of the more famous Ephrem the Syrian.

The significance of this entry, therefore, lies primarily with the text itself rather than its supposed author. The treatise on the Second Coming was influential in medieval Byzantine and Slavic Christian circles, where it helped shape ideas about the Antichrist and the end of the world. The mistaken link to Cherson may have been an attempt to give the text a credible geographical origin.