"Pseudo-Hippocrates" is the modern name given to the various unknown authors of medical texts that were attributed to the famous Greek physician Hippocrates of Cos. These works were written over a long period, likely from the late 5th century BCE through the 2nd century CE. The authors came from diverse backgrounds across the Greek and Roman world and wrote to contribute to the established tradition of Hippocratic medicine. Attaching the revered name of Hippocrates to their work was a common practice to lend it authority and ensure its preservation.

These anonymous writings form the bulk of the Hippocratic Corpus, a collection of about 60 treatises. Major examples include On the Sacred Disease, which argues that epilepsy has natural causes; On the Nature of Man, which introduces the theory of the four bodily humors; and Airs, Waters, Places, on environmental effects on health. Other significant texts are On Regimen, On the Diseases of Women, and the famous ethical code known as The Hippocratic Oath. Modern scholars agree that the historical Hippocrates did not write most of these works.

The significance of the Pseudo-Hippocratic writings is foundational. Collectively, they established the core principles of Western medicine for centuries, promoting it as a rational practice based on observation rather than superstition. Key concepts like the humoral theory and the importance of prognosis were developed in these texts. By writing under the Hippocratic name, these anonymous authors ensured their ideas were preserved, studied, and formed the basis of medical education for nearly two millennia, permanently shaping the identity of the medical profession.