Pyrander was an early Greek historian who lived during the 6th century BCE, in the Archaic period. He is considered one of the pioneering prose writers, often grouped with other early authors known as logographers who worked before the more famous historian Herodotus. No details about his life, origin, or background have survived.

He is known to have written a historical work, but its title is lost. The work itself is considered completely lost except for a single, brief fragment. This fragment was preserved not for its historical narrative, but for a linguistic comment on the name of a month in the Ionian calendar. It was cited centuries later by the grammarian Herodian.

Pyrander’s significance lies almost entirely in his place in the formative period of Greek historiography. He represents the many early writers who recorded local histories and traditions, the vast majority of whose works have not survived. According to modern scholars, his sole surviving fragment illustrates how these earliest historians are often known only through later references that value minor grammatical or antiquarian points, rather than their historical accounts.