Tryphon the Grammarian, often called "the Younger," was a Greek scholar who lived and worked during the 2nd century CE, a period when the Roman Empire ruled the Greek-speaking world. He belonged to the Alexandrian tradition of grammar, a school of thought dedicated to the detailed, technical study of the Greek language.

His specific biographical details are lost, but his scholarly works survive in fragments. These treatises focused on the rules and systems of language. His known titles include On Accents, concerning pronunciation; On Orthography, about correct spelling; and On Affections, which likely dealt with changes in word forms. Other works on topics like dialects are attributed to him in later sources, but these attributions are less certain.

Tryphon's significance lies in his role as a typical grammarian of his era. According to modern scholars, his technical writings helped standardize the study of Greek grammar, contributing to a long scholarly tradition. His work was considered authoritative for centuries, as he is frequently cited by later Byzantine scholars and lexicographers. The surviving fragments of his treatises remain valuable for understanding the history of linguistic science in the ancient world.